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Sjenice

Detalji: Objavljeno 19 Prosinac 2012; Napisao/la Tomislav Klanfar / Zoran Ožetski; Hitovi: 30951

Velika sjenica (Parus major)

FOTOGRAFIJA: TOMISLAV KLANFAR

Sjenice

Ova sveprisutna porodica ptica kratkih kljunova, spada u red vrapčarki. Nastanjuju Sjevernu i Srednju Ameriku, Europu, Aziju i Afriku sa ukupno 60-ak vrsta. Na području Hrvatske susrećemo 5 rodova s ukupno 7 vrsta:

Velika sjenica ( Parus major)
Plavetna sjenica ( Parus (=Cyanistes) caeruleus)
Crnoglava sjenica (Parus (=Poecile) palustris)
Planinska sjenica (Parus (=Poecile) montanus) - "sestrinska" vrsta crnoglavoj sjenici
Mrka sjenica (Parus (=Poecile) lugubris)
Jelova sjenica ( Parus (=Peripatus) ater)
Kukmasta sjenica (Parus (=Lophophanes) cristatus)

Velika, plavetna i crnoglava sjenica prisutne su gotovo u cijeloj Hrvatskoj, dok su kukmasta, planinska, jelova i mrka sjenica vrste kojima odgovaraju planinska područja. Od svih vrsta sjenica, u Hrvatskoj su najbrojnije velika i plavetna sjenica.

Neka vrste iz ove porodice vrlo su dobro prilagođene na suživot s čovjekom. Zimi su najčešći posjetitelj hranilica, a tijekom sezone gniježđenja i kućica za gniježđenje. Gotovo sve vrste ove porodice glasaju se sličnim, ali za porodicu prepoznatljivim glasanjem, a u šali se može reći da su jedne od ptica koje gotovo nikad nisu tiho ili na miru.

Kod gradnje gnijezda, velike i plavetne sjenice nisu previše izbirljive. Gnijezdo će sagraditi svugdje gdje postoji rupa. To može biti rupa u drvetu, ali i razne kutije (od plinskih brojila), cijevi, pa i sandučići za poštu. U prirodi sjenice se ipak većinom gnijezde u napuštenim dupljama djetlića, koje prije polaganja jaja oblažu mahovinom i životinjskom dlakom. Nesu od 5 – 12 jaja. Inkubacija traje od 13-15 dana, a mlade ptice napuštaju gnijezdo u roku od 17 do 22 dan.

PLAVETNA SJENICA (PARUS CAERULEUS)

FOTO: TOMISLAV KLANFAR

JELOVA SJENICA (PARUS ATER)

FOTO: TOMISLAV KLANFAR

CRNOGLAVA SJENICA (PARUS PALUSTRIS)

FOTO: TOMISLAV KLANFAR

Ove prekrasne ptice vrlo su spretne u sakupljanju kukaca i njihovih ličinki s lišća što ih čini jednim od glavnih karika u lancu regulacije zdravlja njihovog staništa, kojeg u pravilu čine šume, parkovi i stari voćnjaci. Dolaskom jeseni i zime formiraju miješana pretraživačka jata i tako vrlo uspješno pronalaze hranu te preživljavaju čak i najteže zime. Nakon vrana smatraju se najinteligentnijim pticama.

Dugorepa sjenica (Aegithalos caudatus),Brkata sjenica ( Panurus biarmicus) i Sjenica mošnjarka (Remiz pendulinus) također se nazivaju "sjenicama" iako svaka od ove 3 vrste pripada svojoj "vlastitoj" porodici, a ne porodici sjenica (Paridae). Time im se i način života poprilično razlikuje od "pravih" sjenica.

Kukmasta sjenica (Parus cri …

FOTOGRAFIJA: TOMISLAV KLANFAR

Autori članka : Tomislav Klanfar / Zoran Ožetski

PREPORUČAMO !

Autori: T.Klanfar, D. Krnjeta, V.Pirša, T.Rubinić

U Vodiču je prije svega fotografijom predstavljeno 80 najčešćih vrsta ptica područja “Posebnog ornitološkog rezervta Sava-Strmec”, a kratkim dvojezičnim tekstom (hrvatski i engleski) zaokružen je profil svake vrste. Iako knjiga malim dijelom sadržaja prati poučnu stazu na tom području (čije su otvorenje i službena promocija zakazani za početak proljeća), ona je zbog načina predstavljanja ptica primjenjiva i korisna prije svega početnicima u promatranju ptica kao i svim ostalim zainteresiranima za tu temu na cijelom kontinetalnom dijelu Hrvatske, pa i šire.

Cijena knjige je 60,00 kn. Informacije o mogućnosti nabavke : J.U. Zeleni prsten Zagrebačke Županije ili direktno kod autora.

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